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Underappreciated ST upside driver - Russians. When mobilistion started in Russia in late September it is estimated that more than 200k Russians fled to Kazakhstan. Most of them got Kaspi cards. And these are relative high-earners - software engineers, creative professionals. A lot of them also later moved to other countries but keep using their Kaspi cards generating sweet international interchange fees. Q4 numbers should be very strong

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Kaspi keeps coming up in fund updates and reports as a holding - at least one fund has taken profits on it: https://emergingmarketskeptic.substack.com/?sort=search&search=kaspi

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Two additional pieces worth reading:

- Write up in the Diff (per his disclosures Byrne subsequently purchased some shares): https://www.thediff.co/archive/kaspikz-how-a-bank-turned-into-a/

- Pretty important question of ultimate ownership: https://www.forbes.com/sites/daviddawkins/2020/11/25/the-two-billion-dollar-mystery-behind-the-ownership-of-london-listed-kazakh-fintech-kaspi/

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For me the numbers look great - BUT the real challenge is how to think about (and price/quantify) the risk of state intervention/expropriation and/or being caught up in further sanctions.

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Very interesting company. Thank you for sharing. I guess the risk of Russia is pretty substantial and the exposure risk you have already have a heavy weighting in oil and gas.

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thanks !

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